過去形と現在完了形の違いを理解して英会話に活かそう！

🎬 過去形と現在完了形の違い

✅ 動詞: “see”（見る）

✅ 動詞: “live”（住む）

✅ 動詞: “finish”（終える）

🎯 違いのポイント

これで、いつ過去形を使うか、いつ現在完了形を使うかがわかりやすくなると思います！😊

🎯 経験を話す（現在完了形が使える）

1. Have you ever traveled to another country?
   → （他の国に旅行したことがありますか？）
   ✅ 長く答える例:
   Yes, I have traveled to Australia. I spent three months traveling along the East Coast by van, visiting beautiful beaches and national parks. It was an unforgettable experience because I met so many friendly people and learned about different cultures.
2. Have you ever tried something completely new? What was it like?
   → （何か全く新しいことに挑戦したことがありますか？ それはどうでしたか？）
3. Have you ever learned a skill that was difficult at first? How did you improve?
   → （最初は難しかったスキルを学んだことがありますか？ どうやって上達しましたか？）
4. What’s the most exciting thing you have ever done?
   → （今までで最もワクワクしたことは何ですか？）
5. Have you ever faced a big challenge at work or in your personal life? How did you handle it?
   → （仕事やプライベートで大きな挑戦に直面したことがありますか？ どのように対処しましたか？）

🏁 完了・達成について話す（現在完了形が使える）

1. What goals have you achieved so far this year?
   → （今年これまでに達成した目標は何ですか？）
2. Have you finished any interesting books or movies recently? What were they about?
   → （最近、面白い本や映画を終えましたか？ それはどんな内容でしたか？）
3. What have you learned from your recent experiences?
   → （最近の経験から何を学びましたか？）

⏳ 過去の出来事を詳しく話す（過去形が使える）

1. Can you describe a memorable trip you took in the past?
   → （過去に行った思い出深い旅行について教えてください。）
   ✅ 長く答える例:
   Yes, I went on a trip to New Zealand two years ago. I visited several cities, including Queenstown and Auckland. The landscapes were breathtaking, and I even tried bungee jumping for the first time, which was both terrifying and thrilling!
2. What was your childhood like? Did you have any special hobbies?
   → （子供の頃はどのように過ごしていましたか？ 特別な趣味はありましたか？）
3. Can you talk about a time when you faced a difficult decision? What did you do?
   → （難しい決断を迫られたときのことを話してください。どのように対処しましたか？）
4. Tell me about a time when you learned something important from a mistake.
   → （失敗から大事なことを学んだ経験を教えてください。）
5. What did you enjoy doing during your school days?
   → （学生時代は何をするのが好きでしたか？）

このような質問なら、過去形と現在完了形を自然に使い分けながら話す練習になります！😊

🎯 TOEICの文法問題

1.

Question:
I __ (finish) my report already.
a) have finished
b) finished
c) has finished
d) will finish

2.

Question:
She __ (visit) New York last year.
a) has visited
b) visited
c) visits
d) will visit

3.

Question:
I __ (never/see) a movie like that before.
a) have never seen
b) never saw
c) had never seen
d) have never saw

4.

Question:
They __ (live) in this city for five years.
a) have lived
b) live
c) will live
d) lived

5.

Question:
I __ (go) to the gym every day last month.
a) have gone
b) went
c) goes
d) gone

6.

Question:
My friend __ (just/finish) his homework.
a) has just finished
b) just finished
c) had just finished
d) is just finishing

⚡ 追加練習問題

1. I __ (never/try) sushi before.
2. He __ (work) here for five years.
3. She __ (speak) to the manager yesterday.
4. We __ (wait) for the bus for 30 minutes.
5. They __ (move) to London last year.

✅ 答え

1. a) have finished
2. b) visited
3. a) have never seen
4. a) have lived
5. b) went
6. a) has just finished

⚡ 追加練習問題の答え

1. have never tried
2. has worked
3. spoke
4. have been waiting
5. moved

これで、過去形と現在完了形の理解が深まるはずです！自分で解いてみて、間違えた部分があればさらに詳しく練習していきましょう😊